entering a new round of Information Technology. Since Monday (24/5/2021), 5G cellular networks have begun to operate commercially worldwide. The first operating 5G mobile network is based on IMT-2020 (International Mobile Telecommunications-2020) technology in the 2,300 MHz or 2.3 GHz frequency band.
When inaugurating this network service, minister of Communications and Information Technology (Kominfo) Johnny Gerard Plate stated that the operation of the 5G cellular network is the fruit of the work of the government and telecommunications providers as well as a manifestation of the acceleration of digital transformation in the world
Before it was launched, the Ministry of communication and information together with several telecommunications providers had conducted 12 5G network trials throughout 2017 to 2020.
"One of the trials was carried out during the Asian Games in 2018. In early 2021, the Ministry of communication and information has also conducted an auction for the 2.3 GHz frequency band," explained Minister Johnny.
This 5G network service also marks the stage of simultaneous operation of 4G and 5G in the country. Thus, the presence of 5G services does not necessarily displace 4G services that are already used by the community. Because, in the early development stages, 4G networks are also needed as a base for 5G operationalization.
As a new technology, 5G network will certainly encourage the advancement of world digital sector. To be sure, 5G services are faster and have greater network capacity while being reliable compared to 4G networks. In addition, 5G technology will unlock the potential of services not only for human-to-human communication, but also integrate human-to-machine networks and machine-to-machine communication networks.
In order for 5G services to be more optimal, needs frequency spectrum allocation at least in three layers, namely low band, middle band, and high band. 5G is a very flexible technology. This means that the technology can be applied to both Mobile Broadband and Fixed Broadband or Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) services.
The frequency bands in the low band and middle band layers, such as the 700 MHz, 2.6 GHz, and 3.5 GHz bands, are more suitable for use as 5G Mobile Broadband services. Currently, 5G mobile Broadband will be prioritized in the development of 5G in World.
The Ministry of communication and Information also seeks 5G Fixed Broadband services in accordance with world standardization, namely by utilizing spectrum bands in the high band layer, such as the 28 GHz frequency band which has a large transmission capacity.
The Ministry of communication and information has issued a Certificate of operational eligibility (SKLO) 5G services to PT Telkomsel as its first provider. The issuance of SKLO is based on the implementation of the operational feasibility test (ULO) on 19 to 20 May 2021. Based on the ULO results, PT Telkomsel was declared operational worthy after the Ministry of communication and Information conducted technical testing of PT Telkomsel's facilities and infrastructure in operating the 5G network.
Digital Transformation
5G technology is believed to be able to accelerate socio-economic and cultural transformation digitally. One of the advantages of 5G networks is high data transfer rates and low latency.
The implementation of 5G network is predicted to be able to deliver fast, smooth, and even instant streaming and downloading experience.
This condition is reflected in the Covid-19 pandemic last year, where internet network usage jumped rapidly to 300 percent. The results of the Global Web Index 2020 survey further emphasize the demands of video content consumption from consumers. As many as 51% of Gen Z prefer online video content for their media consumption, while 31% choose online TV.
Meanwhile, 64% of customers are more likely to buy a product online after watching a video about it. This is the main reason why e-commerce giants such as Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada prefer to promote their products through online video marketing.
Meanwhile, Global Information and communication technology provider Huawei sees the use of 5G networks has experienced rapid development, especially when many industries began to adopt the technology.
By 2020, at least 140 commercial 5G networks had been deployed in 59 countries and more than 50 percent of those networks were built by Huawei. The use of 5G applications as part of the core production process in the industry has begun to bloom in 2021. 5G applications have been deployed in more than 20 industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, education, and logistics. One is used as a logistics loading and unloading automation system in one of the busiest cities in the world, Yanshen Port, Shanghai. 5G technology can significantly reduce logistics costs in ports.
The government together with digital industry players have begun to prepare devices and ecosystems when the 5G network begins to be applied in Smart city, manufacturing, e-commerce, health, and logistics industries.
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